Government of Vishwamitra

Government of Vishwamitra
विश्वामित्र सरकार
	Coat of arms of Vishwamitra
Formation	15 April 2007; 17 years ago
Country	Vishwamitra
Seat	Rajagriha (Official seat of the Government of Vishwamitra)
Legislature
Legislature	Lok Sabha
Leader	Speaker (Tyler Mullins)
Executive
Head of state	Rashtradhyaksh Varuna Sriraya
Head of government	Prime Minister Farhaz Hazarika
Main organ	Cabinet of Vishwamitra
Ministries	19
Responsible to	Lok Sabha
Judiciary
Court	Supreme Court of Vishwamitra
Chief Justice	Vacant

The Government of Vishwamitra, officially the Federal Government of Vishwamitra (Hindi: विश्वामित्र सरकार), is based in the national capital city of Rajagriha in the state of Purvanchal with the exception of the legislative branch which has customarily considered to be located in Brikshasthana in the state of Beltola. Vishwamitra is a federal of six states operating a semi-constitutional executive monarchy under the Westminster system and is categorised as a representative democracy. The federal government of Vishwamitra adheres to and is created by the Constitution of Vishwamitra, the supreme law of the land.

The federal government adopts the principle of separation of powers under the provisions of the Constitution of Vishwamitra and has three branches: executive, legislature and judiciary. The state governments in Vishwamitra also have their respective executive bodies. The judicial system in Vishwamitra is a unitary court system operating uniformly throughout the country. The federal administration of Vishwamitra has highly been based upon the administration in the countries of India and Malaysia with modifications.

Federal government

The federal or central government is the ultimate authority in Vishwamitra and located in Rajagriha. It is headed by the Rashtradhyaksh who is the executive monarch and head of state and shares their executive duties and other functions along with the Prime Minister of Vishwamitra who is the head of government and the head of the union council of ministers.

Legislature

The legislature of Vishwamitra is unicameral and the parliament is known as the Lok Sabha in Hindi and as the House of the People in English. All twenty members of the Lok Sabha are elected every year by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective parliamentary constituencies and remain in office until removal, resignation or the dissolution of the house prior to its expiration of tenure. Article 44 of the constitution bestows the legislative and law-making power upon the Lok Sabha. The union council of ministers is responsible and dependent upon the Lok Sabha as the constitution mandates the Prime Minister and their council of ministers should have the confidence of the Lok Sabha and that any individual who has been appointed as a minister must be an elected member of the house and failing which shall lead to their removal from ministerial position.

The presiding officer of the Lok Sabha is the Speaker of the Lok Sabha who are elected from among the members of the house who fulfil the conditions specified by the constitution. The current speaker is Tyler Mullins who has been presiding over the house since 17 February 2022. The current term of the legislature is the 14th Lok Sabha to which members were elected during the November 2021 general election.

Executive

The executive structure of the government of Vishwamitra is unique and rare. The constitution bestows the executive power upon both the Rashtradhyaksh and the Prime Minister and their council of ministers. According to Article 30 of the constitution, the executive authority of the union is vested in the Rashtradhyaksh and exercisable, subject to the provisions of any federal law and, by them and the Cabinet with continuous consultation and advice from them. The constitution shall mandates that there shall be a Prime Minister as the head of government and chairperson of the council of ministers who is a member of the Lok Sabha and commands the confidence of the parliament. The council of ministers is chosen from among members of the Lok Sabha and are responsible to the Rashtradhyaksh and the house.

Judiciary

Chapter 7 of the constitution mentions about the judiciary of Vishwamitra. In Article 45, it is mentioned that there shall be a Supreme Court of Vishwamitra consisting the Chief Justice of Vishwamitra and not more than four other judges. The court has its jurisdiction on any matter related to disputes between the federal government or that of the states or any other dispute arising out of any legal standing document, etc.

Head of state

File:Birthday Portrait of Rashtradhyaksh Varuna Sriraya (2023).jpeg

Rashtradhyaksh Varuna Sriraya in 2023.

The Rashtradhyaksh also known as the Supreme Head or the King, is the semi-constitutional executive monarch and head of state of Vishwamitra. The office was established in 2020, when the Vishwamitra was transformed into a monarchy. The Rashtradhyaksh is elected from among the rulers of the states for a non-consecutively renewable period of five years by the Conference of Rulers on the basis of the seniority of states determined by article 48 of the constitution. The Rashtradhyaksh has been mandated to be the executive head of state who shall be immune and inviolable, as described under Article 31 (Functions of the Rashtradhyaksh) and shall exercise their powers through the Privy Council, the Prime Minister and the Ministers of the Union who shall collectively report them on the general policy of the Government and the nation. The Rashtradhyaksh is also the chief diplomat of the nation (as per Article 31(3)) and the commander-in-chief of the Royal Vishwamitran Defence Forces.

The current rashtradhyaksh is the Maharaja of Purvanchal Varuna Sriraya who was unanimously elected by the conference on 29 July 2020 and assumed the throne on 1 August 2020 and was installed formally on 23 August 2020.

Head of government

File:Portrait of Farhaz Hazarika (November 2021).jpg

Prime Minister Farhaz Hazarika.

The Prime Minister of Vishwamitra (Hindi: विश्वामित्र के प्रधानमंत्री) is the head of government of Vishwamitra. Article 33 mandates the Rashtradhyaksh shall appoint a Prime Minister who shall be the chairperson of the union council of ministers and remain in office for a tenure concurrent with that of the parliament; however they may resign before the expiration of the parliament by handing a letter addressed to the appointer. The constitution further mentions that the Rashtradhyaksh shall appoint a council of ministers on the advice of the prime minister; and the prime minister and their council of ministers shall command the confidence of the parliament. In case of failure to command the majority of the parliament, then unless the parliament is dissolved by the Rashtradhyaksh, the prime minister and their council of minister shall cease to hold office. The Prime Minister's Office is the body and ministry in which the Prime Minister exercises their functions and powers.

The current prime minister is Farhaz Hazarika who has been in office since 22 November 2021 and is currently serving his fourth term in office.

State governments

See: Administrative divisions of Vishwamitra#States and Vishwamitran Overseas Territories

Each state government in Vishwamitra is created by provisions of the federal constitution. The state governments are headed by the respective rulers or Rajpramukhs who are the executive and constitutional monarchs and also serve as the state's head of state and head of government. However, the rajpramukhs are also empowered to appoint a separate chief minister in the states who shall serve as head of government under their administration. As of now, only the state of Purvanchal has a separate position of a chief minister. Shivangi Roy is the current and second chief minister of Purvanchal and has been in office since December 2022.

The specific responsibilities of the federal and the state governments are listed under Article 61 (Civil lists) of the Constitution and can be jointly legislated by the centre and the state. However, the federalism in Vishwamitra has always been referred to as a "quasi-federal" structure as the centre (or federal government) enjoys larger immunity and powers as compared to the state governments and thus, the centre maintains a hegemony over the states. The states are responsible to make laws pertaining to their administration, internal affairs, politics, culture, etc.

Each of the overseas territories have their own governments headed by the administrators who are appointed by the Rashtradhyaksh in consultation with the cabinet and the privy council. The administrators perform as the Rashtradhyaksh's chief representative and as the de facto head of state and the head of government of their respective territories. They are also in-charge of the matters related to the defence, internal affairs, finance, expenditure, emergency, disaster management, transport, business, commerce and all other affairs pertaining to the day-to-day administration of the territory. The administrators have the power to appoint a deputy administrator to assist them in the discharge of their respective duties.

Local governments

The local government or local authority is the lowest level in the system of government in Vishwamitra—after federal and state. The local governments are responsible for all civic and municipal activities in the cities of the states. The cities are administered by the mayors who are directly appointed by the Rajpramukhs of the respective states in consultation with the respective heirs.

Article 59 of the constitution mentions that until the parliament determines otherwise, the city of Rajagriha shall be the federal capital and that the Rashtradhyaksh shall be responsible for formulating laws and administration of the federal capital. It is a complicated jurisdiction as Rajagriha is also the capital of the state of Purvanchal and is administered by the Rajpramukh of Purvanchal and the Mayor of Rajagriha who is appointed by the Rajpramukh.

Elections

Elections in Vishwamitra are only held at the national level for membership to the Lok Sabha, the unicameral legislative body of the Parliament. The head of the government, the Prime Minister, is appointed among members of the winning coalition.

Under Vishwamitra's unique system of elective monarchy, elections are held every five years to elect the Rashtradhyaksh or Supreme Head of the Nation. The position of the federal monarch de facto rotates among the rulers of the Vishwamitran states who take their respective turn as per the order of seniority of states indicated in the constitution. The Conference of Rulers is responsible for the conduction of elections to the position of Rashtradhyaksh and Uparashtradhyaksh. In this election, only the rulers participate and rulers vote and only a ruler can be elected.