Ministry of Law and Justice

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Ministry of Law and Justice
विधि और न्याय मंत्रालय
Central overview
Formed10 July 2016
Jurisdiction Vishwamitra
Minister responsible
Child agencies

The Ministry of Law and Justice (Hindi: कानून और न्याय मंत्रालय) is a ministry in the government of Vishwamitra which deals with the management of the legal affairs, constitutional activities and administration of justice in India through its three departments namely the Department of Constitutional Affairs, the Department of Legal Affairs and the Department of Justice respectively. The Department of Legal Affairs is concerned with advising the various ministries of the central government while the Constitutional Department is concerned with matters related to the Constitution of Vishwamitra.

The Ministry of Law and Justice is headed by the Minister of Law and Justice which is a cabinet rank minister and is occasionally assisted by a junior minister or the Minister of State for Law and Justice. The first minister was Bishnu Chetry who served between in 2016, while the current minister is Arsal Abbas Mirza who has been into office since 18 March 2023.

History

The Ministry of Law and Justice was formed on 10 July 2016 as the "Ministry of Legal Affairs" and was subsequently renamed to its current name on 13 November 2016. In 2020, the Ministry of Law and Justice was merged with the Ministries of Defence and Parliamentary Affairs to form the Ministry of Political, Legal and Security Affairs. However, the three ministries became independent back in 2021.

Departments

The Ministry of Law and Justice has the following departments which were created by the Gazette Notification issued on 10 June 2022.

Department of Constitutional Affairs

The Department of Constitutional Affairs is responsible for the administration of the constitutional laws and regarding the proper implementation of those laws.

  1. Advice to ministries on matters related interpretation of the Constitution and its laws.
  2. Constitution Orders; notifications for bringing into force Constitution (Amendment) Acts in consultation with the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs.

Department of Legal Affairs

The Department of Legal Affairs has two main duties: advice and litigation.

  1. Advice to ministries on legal matters including conveyancing and engagement of counsel to appear on behalf of the Union of Vishwamitra in the Supreme Court and other courts of law is a party.
  2. Central Government law officers of the States excluding the Attorney General whose services are shared by the Ministries of the Government of India.
  3. Conduct of cases in the Supreme Court on behalf of the Central Government and on behalf of the States participating in the Central Agency Scheme.
  4. Reciprocal arrangements with foreign countries for the service of summons in civil suits, for the execution of decrees of Civil Courts, for the enforcement of maintenance orders, and for the administration of the estates of foreigners dying in Vishwamitra intestate.
  5. Treaties and agreements with foreign countries in matters of civil law.
  6. Enlargement of the jurisdiction of Supreme Court and the conferring thereon of further powers; persons entitled to practice before the Supreme Court; references to the Supreme Court.

Department of Justice

The Department of Justice performs the administrative functions in relation to the appointment of various judges at the Supreme Court, maintenance and revision of the conditions and rules of service of the judges and other related areas.

  1. Appointment, resignation and removal of the Chief Justice of India and Judges of the Supreme Court of India; their salaries, rights in respect of leave of absence (including leave allowances), pensions and travelling allowances.
  2. Constitution and organisation (excluding jurisdiction and powers) of the Supreme Court (but including contempt of such Court).
  3. Administration of justice.
  4. Appointment, resignation and removal of the Chief Justice of India and Judges of the Supreme Court of India; their salaries, rights in respect of leave of absence.

Organisation

Minister of Law and Justice
विधि और न्याय मंत्री
Incumbent
Matthew Tonna

since 13 October 2023
Ministry of Law and Justice
StyleThe Most Honourable
Member of
Reports toPrime Minister
NominatorPrime Minister
AppointerRashtradhyaksh
on the recommendation of the Prime Minister
Term lengthAt His Majesty's pleasure
Formation10 July 2016; 7 years, 8 months ago
First holderBishnu Chetry
DeputyMinister of State for Law and Justice

The Minister of Law and Justice is the head of the Ministry of Law and Justice who is responsible for the maintenance of the affairs of the ministry. The Minister often holds cabinet rank however in some occasions a minister of state with independent charge has also served as the minister of law and justice. The first minister was Bishnu Chetry while the current minister is Matthew Tonna who was appointed on 19 October 2023.

Cabinet ministers of law and justice are often assisted by a junior minister, or a Minister of State for Law and Justice.

Anirban Phatowali and Rajdeep Deka held the rank of a minister of state with independent charge while all other ministers held cabinet rank. The longest continuous tenure by any minister is that of Arthur Lacey-Scott-FitzLacia who served in office between 11 June 2022 until 18 March 2023..

Ministers

Key
  • MoS, I/C means Minister of State (Independent Charge)
Portrait Minister
(Birth-Death)
Constituency
Term of office Political party Ministry Prime Minister
From To Period
As Minister of Legal Affairs
File:Bishnu Chetry.png Bishnu Chetry
(born 2001)
10 July
2016
27 November
2016
140 days Children's Group Secular Party Varuna III Varuna Sriraya
As Minister of Law and Justice
File:Tanishkaa Patranabish (2010-2018).jpg Tanishkaa Patranabish
(born 2004)
27 November
2016
30 December
2016
3 days Children's Group Secular Party Varuna III Varuna Sriraya
File:Anirban Phatowali new photo.jpg Anirban Phatowali
(born 2009)
MP for West Gotanagar

(MoS, I/C)
30 December
2016
17 February
2017
49 days Varuna IV
File:Photo of Rajdeep Deka.jpg Rajdeep Deka
(born 2002)
(MoS, I/C)
17 February
2017
12 April
2017
54 days Independent Party
Bhargab Jyoti Medhi
(born 2001)
12 April
2017
5 July
2017
148 days Sarala III Sarala Baishya
5 July
2017
7 September
2017
Tanishkaa II Tanishkaa Patranabish
Kalyan Dey
(born 2001)
8 September
2017
3 November
2017
56 days
File:Anirban Phatowali new photo.jpg Anirban Phatowali
(born 2009)
3 November
2017
25 December
2017
52 days
Asmi Patranabis
(born 2007)
25 December
2017
21 March
2018
86 days Friends Society Secular Party Varuna V Varuna Sriraya
File:Bishnu Chetry.png Bishnu Chetry
(born 2001)
21 March
2018
13 May
2018
53 days Friends Societal Congress Varuna VI
Sampriti Paul
(born 2004)
14 May
2018
12 October
2018
152 days Friends Society Secular Party Tanishkaa III Tanishkaa Patranabish
Varuna Sriraya
File:Manoj Chetry.PNG Manoj Chetry
(born 2005)
12 October
2018
6 January
2019
86 days Friends Societal Congress Varuna VII
File:Sarala Baishya (2).jpg Sarala Baishya
(born 2005)
7 January
2019
13 March
2019
65 days Tanishkaa IV Tanishkaa Patranabish
File:Official Portrait of Tanishkaa Patranabish (October 2018).jpg Tanishkaa Patranabish
(born 2004)
(Prime Minister)
17 March
2019
30 March
2019
13 days Tanishkaa V
File:Photo of Abhiraj Kar.jpg Abhiraj Kar
(born 2006)
30 March
2019
16 July
2019
108 days
File:Portrait of Arnab Sil.png Arnab Sil
(born 2004)
16 July
2019
6 August
2019
21 days
File:Bishnu Chetry.png Bishnu Chetry
(born 2001)
6 August
2019
17 August
2019
11 days
Bhargab Jyoti Medhi
(born 2001)
17 August
2019
2 September
2019
16 days
File:Arnab Deka in 2017.jpg Arnab Deka
(born 2002)
2 September
2019
29 September
2019
27 days
Asmi Patranabis
(born 2007)
29 September
2019
5 October
2019
6 days
File:Anirban Phatowali new photo.jpg Anirban Phatowali
(born 2009)
5 October
2019
15 October
2019
10 days
File:Arnab Deka in 2017.jpg Arnab Deka
(born 2002)
15 October
2019
8 November
2019
24 days
Asmi Patranabis
(born 2007)
8 November
2019
16 November
2019
8 days
File:Arnab Deka in 2017.jpg Arnab Deka
(born 2002)
16 November
2019
9 December
2019
23 days
Nishwan Baidantic
(born 2001)
9 December
2019
12 December
2019
3 days
File:Bishnu Chetry.png Bishnu Chetry
(born 2001)
12 December
2019
10 January
2020
29 days
File:Arnab Deka in 2017.jpg Arnab Deka
(born 2002)
10 January
2020
3 March
2020
53 days
Sampriti Paul
(born 2004)
Unelected
3 March
2020
19 March
2020
16 days National People's Congress Anoushkaa I Anoushkaa Patranabish
File:Ankurjyoti Thakuria.jpg Ankurjyoti Thakuria
(born 2002)
MP for Dadara
19 March
2020
10 April
2020
19 days Tanishkaa VI Tanishkaa Patranabish
Nishwan Baidantic
(born 2001)
MP for Dhirenpara
10 April
2020
30 April
2020
20 days
Bhargab Jyoti Medhi
(born 2001)
Nominated MP
13 May
2020
8 June
2020
26 days Tanishkaa VII
Sampriti Paul
(born 2004)
MP for Kahilipara
9 June
2020
17 June
2020
69 days Anoushkaa II Princess Anoushkaa
Merged to form the Coordinating Ministry of Political, Legal and Security Affairs (17 June 2020 – 28 January 2021)
As Minister of Law and Justice
Liam Alexander
(born 2005)
Unelected

(Deputy Prime Minister)
28 January
2021
Less than a day
(8 hours approx.)
Royalist Party Ștefan I Ștefan Marius Snagoveanu
File:Birthday Portrait of Rashtradhyaksh Varuna Sriraya (cropped).jpg Rashtradhyaksh
Varuna Sriraya

(born 2002)
Unelected

(Advisor to the Prime Minister on legal matters)
28 January
2021
1 March
2021
32 days Independent
Cristian Dobrev
(born 2004)
MP for Radisson
6 March
2021
18 June
2021
104 days Ștefan II
Ested Vlasyn
(born 2001)
MP for National List
18 June
2021
11 September
2021
85 days National People's Congress
Charles Burgardt
(born 2002)
Unelected
11 September
2021
21 October
2021
40 days Farhaz I Farhaz Hazarika
Carson Snyder
(born 2003)
Unelected
21 October
2021
22 November
2021
32 days Independent Phillip Phillip Joseph Pillin
Charles Burgardt
(born 2002)
MP for Rajagriha (until Dec'2021)
Councillor for Purvanchal (Jan–Apr'2022)
MP for Maligaon (from May'2022)
22 November
2021
12 May
2022
171 days National People's Congress Farhaz II Farhaz Hazarika
Rory Leonard
(born 2007)
MP for Kalapani
12 May
2022
11 June
2022
30 days Independent Farhaz III
Arthur Lacey-Scott-FitzLacia
(born 2002)
MP for Basistha Central (until Nov'2022)
MP for Kalapani (from Nov'2022)
11 June
2022
11 November
2022
280 days
12 November
2022
18 March
2023
National People's Congress Farhaz IV
Arsal Abbas Mirza
(born 2006)
MP for Dadara
18 March
2023
9 October
2023
205 days Independent
Matthew Tonna
(born 2005)
MP for Dakshin-Prant
13 October
2023
Incumbent 168 days Farhaz V

Ministers of State

Portrait Minister
(Birth-Death)
Term of office Political party Ministry Prime Minister
From To Period
File:Portrait of Princess Bishakha (2022).jpg Bishakha Das
(born 2013)
12 April
2017
5 July
2017
84 days Friends Society Independent Party Baishya III Sarala Baishya
Debika Deka Pator Sarma
(born 2007)
5 July
2017
7 September
2017
64 days Friends Society Secular Party Tanishkaa II Tanishkaa Patranabish
Sampriti Paul
(born 2004)
7 September
2017
25 December
2017
109 days
Pranjit Kalita
(born 2005)
25 December
2017
21 March
2018
86 days Friends Society Independent Party Varuna V Varuna Sriraya
Arpan Deka
अर्पण डेका
(born 2008)
16 July
2019
29 September
2019
75 days Friends Societal Congress Tanishkaa V Tanishkaa Patranabish
Pallavi Rai
पल्लवी राय
(born 2005)
29 September
2019
16 November
2019
48 days
File:Jemina Hazarika.jpg Jemina Hazarika
(born 2006)
16 November
2019
24 November
2019
8 days
Pranjit Kalita
(born 2005)
26 November
2019
8 December
2019
12 days
Kevin Doan
(born 2005)
MP for National Capital Territory
12 May
2022
11 June
2022
30 days Independent Farhaz III Farhaz Hazarika
Johannes Mattias Toome
(born 2006)
MP for Dhirenpara
18 March
2023
14 June
2023
88 days National People's Congress Farhaz IV Farhaz Hazarika

See also