Republic of Ceneda

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Republic of Ceneda
Repubblica di Ceneda
Coat of arms of Ceneda
Coat of arms
Motto: "Avanti Corrado"
"Corrado forward!"
Anthem: -
StatusActive
LocationCeneda, Italy
CapitalCeneda
Largest cityCapital
Official languagesItalian, Cenedese
Recognised national languagesItalian, Cenedese, Latin
Ethnic groups
(2022)
  • 100% Italian
Religion
(2022)
Demonym(s)Cenedesi
GovernmentPresidential republic
• President
Andrea Grava
• Prime Minister
Pietro Boscariol
LegislatureSenate
Senate
Independence 
from Italy
• Independence
6 August 2022
• Constitution ratified
24 September 2022
Area
• Total
14.5 km2 (5.6 sq mi)
• Water (%)
0
Population
• 2022 estimate
200
• 2022 census
12
CurrencyEuro
Time zoneUTC+2 (Rome UTC+2.00)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (XDT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+39
Internet TLD.org
(De facto)
.ce
(De iure)

The Republic of Ceneda (italian: Repubblica di Ceneda) is a self-proclaimed micronation. It is located in northern Italy, in the province of Treviso. The territory of the Republic is inspired by the borders of the ancient Comune di Ceneda of the middle age. The borders are free access as the Republic is inglobated in the city of Vittorio Veneto, Italy.

Etymology

The name of the micronation comes from the origin of the city itself. The first sign of a city dates back to the VI sec AD. Thought the origins of the city could date back to the romans, the city became famous when became the house of the Duke of Ceneda, which controlled a big region between Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

History

The Ceneda district and the city have a very important historical past. Some archaeological excavations[1] date some of the finds to the Roman and early Christian times. However, we know that Ceneda has always been an important point of strategic but also religious importance, having been the seat of a Duchy and still today the seat of a Catholic diocese.

The Duchy of Ceneda

The birth of the Duchy of Ceneda is attested by scholars around 570 AD. The oldest evidence of the existence of a city called Ceneta dates back to the sixth century, in the writings of Venanzio Fortunato, a poet of Treviso and perhaps Cenedese origins. In his De vita S. Martini Turonensis we find these lines:

For Cenetam gradiens et amicos duplavenenses,

Qua natale solum est mihi sanguine, sede parentum,

Prolis origo patrum, frater, soror, ordo nepotum,

Quos colo corde, fide, breviter, peto, redde salutems.

(If you pass by Ceneda and where my Duplavian friends are, in which place is my homeland by blood, by the abode of the parents, where is the origin of the descendants of the fathers, where the brother, the sister, the host of grandchildren, whom I honor with my heart and faith: in a nutshell, I ask you, wish them health).

Other authors, from the sixth and seventh centuries, also speak of Ceneda in their writings. Paolo Diacono, at the end of the second book of the Historia Langabardorum, states that after the death of their King Clefi there were already 35 Duchies in Italy: of five he also gives us the name.[2] In Liutprando's Placito we find the first evidence of the existence of the Duchy, around 750. A certain date instead is that of 665, the year in which King Grimoaldo destroyed Oderzo and "divided the lands of those who lived there between Friulani, Trevigiani and Cenedesi." In 712 or 713, according to the studies of the historian Vincenzo Botteon, we have the birth of the diocese of Ceneda at the behest of Liutprando. In the mid-seventh century, the remains of St. Titian bishop had been transferred to Ceneda, increasing the religious importance of the city, which was already an important territorial garrison.

The Diocese of Ceneda

The historical beginning of episcopal see of Ceneda is uncertain. There may have been a bishop present in Ceneda very soon after the Lombard conquest. The first reputed bishop seems to have been Vindemius who was present in 579. However, the diocese does not seem to have been officially organized until 665 when the Lombard duke Grimoaldo assigned to the bishop of Ceneda a large part of the territory that had formerly been under the care of Oderzo.

From 994 the bishop of that city became also its temporal lord, even after it was politically incorporated into the Republic of Venice in 1389. In 1447 and in 1514 bishops Francesco and Oliviero gave the republic civil investiture of the territory of Ceneda, reserving for themselves and their successors (until about 1768) authority over the city and a few villas.

Among its bishops have been: Azzo (1140); Sigifredo (1170), during whose time there were many conflicts between Ceneda and the neighbouring towns; Antonion Correr (1409); Lorenzo da Ponte (1739), the last bishop to exercise temporal power, and Albino Luciani (1958–1969) who became pope John Paul I in 1978.

The Republic of Ceneda

The Republic was unofficially established on August 6, 2022, during a summer retreat of the founders. Subsequently, about a month and a half later, on 24 September, after a plenary meeting, the constitution was approved and ratified by all present. Thus the Republic of Ceneda was officially born.

Politics and government

The Republic is officialy a Parliamentary republic. There's the President, the Prime Minister, the Minister and the Senate.

The Governement

Constitution

The Constitution of The Republic of Ceneda is made of 9 articles. The Constitution was ratified on 24th September 2022. The constitution was initially composed in August 2022, after the unofficial declaration of independence.

The Senate

The Senate is the chamber that makes the laws. It's composed by the Ministers plus the Prime Minister. The senators propose the bills, (although the Chairman can also propose a law) which are discussed by the assembled Senate. Once discussed and, if necessary, made the necessary changes, the vote takes place for the approval of the law. If the vote reaches fifty percent plus one then the law will be approved and forwarded to the Chairman. The Chairman will check that the law is constitutional, if it is positive the law will be published, otherwise it will be sent back to the Senate so that the right changes are made.

The ministers

There are 7 active ministers, with a further role being that of prime minister. the prime minister has the task of supervising the work of the ministers and liaising with the president. The ministries are: Minister of the Interior and Justice, Minister of Health, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Tourism and Culture, Minister of the Environment and Transport, Minister of Economy, Minister of Defense. The Minister of Economy changed name to Chamberlain of State in November 2022.

Foreign relations

The Republic of Ceneda recognize every member of the Grand Unified Micronational, in which is a permanent observer since 11 June 2023. Ceneda has also recognize and has diplomatic relations with the following micronations:

Name Type From
Grand Unified Micronational Organization Permanent Observer 11 June 2023
Governorate of Græcia Micronation Mutual Recognitions and Diplomatic Relations 22 July 2023 [3]

Geography and culture

Climate

Ceneda lies at the foot of the Venetian Pre-Alps. Summers are hot, winters are very cold, and it's partly cloudy all year round. Throughout the year, the temperature typically ranges from -1 °C to 28 °C and is rarely below -6 °C or above 32 °C. The best time of year to visit Ceneda is from late May to late September.

Ceneda as seen from the castle of San Martino.

Tourism

The Republic of Ceneda offers a very varied cultural panorama: artistic, architectural, philological and culinary assets can be found in various corners of the Nation. The historic center of the capital offers a representation of the medieval past of the city, together with the castle of San Martino, house of the bishop.

Sport

Monthly the Republic houses a football match between the national team and a delegation of Italian citizens.

See also

References

  1. Elisa Possenti, San Rocco a Ceneda, Indagini archeologiche (2003-2006), 2014
  2. Paolo Diacono, Historia Langobardorum (Storia dei Longobardi, Lorenzo Valla/Mondadori, Milano 1992).
  3. Diplomatic relations and mutual recognition treaty, between Græcia and Ceneda in English, 22 July 2023