Daugavpivian language
| Daugavpivian | |
|---|---|
| Daugavpivskaj jeziƞ | |
| Даvгавпiвскай езiц | |
| Created by |  PR Daugavpivia (2016–2020) Daugavpivia (2020–2021) |
| Purpose | Indo-European
|
| Daugavpivian Cyrillic Script Daugavpivian Latin Script | |
| Sources | Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian |
| Official status | |
| Regulated by | Regency Council of the Principality of Daugavpivia |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
Daugavpivian (/dəʊɡævˈpɪviən/; Daugavpivian: Даvгавпiвскай езiц (Daugavpivskaj jeziƞ, /daw.gavˈpiv.skaj ˈje.zit͡s/), also known in English as Old Tewerian (UK: /ˈəʊld təˈwɪəriən/, also /ˈɔːʊd/, /ˈɔːʊld/, /ˈɒʊd/, /ˈɒʊld/US: /ˈoʊld təˈwɪəriən/), is an extinct Slavic constructed language that was spoken by the inhabitants of Daugavpivia.
History
The first discussions regarding the development of the Daugavpivian language were held on 26 June 2016, during the period the state was known as the People's Daugavpiv Republic. The government of Dmitry Maltz rejected these plans, effectively postponing the development indefinitely. Numerous efforts were made during the turbulent history of the nation, yet it wasn't considered a priority.
Standardisation
The Daugavpivian language was standardised on 11 April 2021, when the Regency Council of the Principality of Daugavpivia approved the common use of the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets for writing the Daugavpivian language. Therefore, an issue first raised by the People's Republic of Daugavpivia was finally resolved.
Extinction
The Daugavpivian language went extinct on 19 June 2021, following the disestablishment of Daugavpivia and its subsequent renaming to Teweria. The knowledge on the language was not lost, because it developed into the New Tewerian language, the language that was adopted by the new state.
Phonology
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Near close | ɪ | ||
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar /Dental |
Post- alveolar |
(Alveolo-) palatal |
Velar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | pal. | plain | pal. | plain | pal. | plain | pal. | |||
| Nasal | m | mʲ | n | nʲ | ɲ | |||||
| Stop | voiceless | p | pʲ | t | tʲ | k | (kʲ) | |||
| voiced | b | bʲ | d | dʲ | ɡ | (ɡʲ) | ||||
| Affricate | t͡s | t͡sʲ | t͡ʃ | |||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | fʲ | s | sʲ | ʃ | x | (xʲ) | ||
| voiced | v | vʲ | z | zʲ | ʒ | |||||
| Approximant | central | w | j | |||||||
| lateral | ɫ | lʲ | ʎ | |||||||
| Trill | r | rʲ | ||||||||
Writing system
| Cyrillic alphabet |
IPA value |
Latin alphabet |
|---|---|---|
| А, а | /a/ | A, a |
| Б, б | /b/, /bʲ/ | B, b |
| В, в | /v/ | W, w |
| Г, г | /g/, (/gʲ/) | G, g |
| Д, д | /d/, /dʲ/ | D, d |
| Е, е | /je/, /ʲe/, /e/ | JE, je (initial) E, e |
| Є, є | /je/ | JE, je |
| Ё, ё | /jo/, /ʲo/, /o/ | Ë, ë |
| Ж, ж | /ʒ/ | Ƶ, ƶ |
| З, з | /z/, /zʲ/ | S, s |
| И, и | /ɪ/ | I, i |
| І, і | /i/ | IJ, ij |
| Й, й | /j/ | J, j |
| К, к | /k/, (/kʲ/) | K, k |
| Л, л | /ɫ/, /lʲ/ | L, l |
| Љ, љ | /ʎ/ | LJ, lj |
| М, м | /m/, /mʲ/ | M, m |
| Н, н | /n/, /nʲ/ | N, n |
| Њ, њ | /ɲ/ | NJ, nj |
| О, о | /o/ | O, o |
| П, п | /p/, /pʲ/ | P, p |
| Р, р | /r/, /rʲ/ | R, r |
| С, с | /s/, /sʲ/ | Ş, ſ |
| Т, т | /t/, /tʲ/ | T, t |
| У, у | /u/ | U, u |
| Ф, ф | /f/, /fʲ/ | F̀, f̀ |
| Х, х | /x/, (/xʲ/) | H, h |
| Ц, ц | /t͡s/, /t͡sʲ/ | Ƞ, ƞ |
| Ч, ч | /t͡ʃ/ | Ɥ, ɥ |
| Џ, џ | /d͡ʒ/ | |
| Ш, ш | /ʃ/ | ŞH, ſh |
| Щ, щ | /ʃt/ | ŞHT, ſht |
| Ъ, ъ | /ə/ | ” |
| Ь, ь | /ʲ/ | ’ |
| Э, э | /ɛ/ | E, e |
| Ю, ю | /ju/, /ʲu/ | JU, ju |
| Я, я | /ja/, /ʲa/ | JA, ja |
| Ѵ, ѵ | /w/ | U, u |
Orthography
The language is regulated so that it is officially written by using both the Cyrillic, and the Latin alphabet.
Grammar
TBD
Vocabulary
Here is a list of Daugavpivian words from the dictionary published by the Regency Council of the Principality of Daugavpivia:
| Daugavpivian | IPA | English | Russian | Bulgarian | Serbian |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| агуз agus |
/aˈguz/ | signature | подпись (podpis’) |
подпис (podpis) |
потпис (potpis) |
| алет alet |
/aˈlet/ | after; later, afterwards |
после (posle) |
посл(иј)е (posl(ij)e) | |
| аро aro |
/ˈaro/ | as if, as though | будто (budto) |
сякаш (sjakaš) |
као да (kao da) |
| асмика aſmika |
/asˈmika/ | abstinence; moderation | воздержание; умеренность (vozderžanie; umerennost’) |
въздържание; умереност (umerenost) |
уздржавање; ум(ј)ереност (uzdržavanje; um(j)erenost) |
| аёро aëro |
/aˈjoro/ | air | воздух (vozdux) |
въздух (vǎzdux) |
ваздух (vazduh) |
| ако ako |
/ˈako/ | if; either; or | если; или; ли (jesli; ili; li) |
ако; или; ли (ako; ili, li) |
ако; или; ли (ako; ili, li) |
| бањок banjok |
/ˈbaɲok/ | friend | друг (drug) |
другар (drugar) |
друг (drug) |
| баща baſhta |
/ˈbaʃta/ | father | отец (otec) |
баща, отец (bašta, otec) |
отац (otac) |
| бєзгъдье bjesg”d’e |
/ˈbjezgədʲe/ | disaster, tragedy, accident; misfortune |
бедствие; несчастье (bedstvie; nesčast’e) |
бедствие; нещастие (bedstvie, neštastie) |
катастрофа, трагедија; (katastrofa; tragedija) несрећа (nesreća) |
| бєузур bjeusur |
/ˈbjeuzur/ | anxiety, concern, nervousness | беспокойство (bespokojstvo) |
безпокойство (bezpokojstvo) |
неспокојство (nespokojstvo) |
| билічар bilijɥar |
/bɪˈlʲit͡ʃar/ | doctor | лекарь (lekar’) |
лекар (lekar) |
лекар/љекар (l(j)ekar) |
| бікуля bijkulja |
/ˈbikulʲa/ | environment, surroundings | окружение (okruženie) |
окръжение (okrǎženie) |
окружење (okruženje) |
| бішєнко bijſhjenko |
/biˈʃjenko/ | piglet | свинка (svinka) |
прасе (prase) |
свињче (svinjče) |
| бішку bijſhku |
/ˈbiʃku/ | pig, swine | свинья (svin’ja) |
свиня (svinja) |
свиња (svinja) |
| брано brano |
/ˈbrano/ | war | война (vojna) |
војна (vojna) | |
| брукабун brukabun |
/ˈbrukabun/ | wizard, sorcerer, magician | волшебник (volšebnik) |
вълшебник (vǎlšebnik) |
волшебник (volšebnik) |
| брукабуна brukabuna |
/ˈbrukabuna/ | magic | волшебство (volšebstvo) |
вълшебство (vǎlšebstvo) |
магија (magija) |
| бруший bruſhij |
/ˈbruʃij/ | naïve; stupid, irrational | наивный; глупый (naivnyj, glupyj) |
наивен; глуп (naiven, glup) |
наиван; глуп (naivan, glup) |
| бръбіньці br”bijn’ƞij |
/brəˈbinʲt͡si/ | ants | муравьи (murav’i) |
мравки (mravki) |
мрави (mravi) |
| буруго burugo |
/ˈburugo/ | mirror | зеркало (zerkalo) |
огледало (ogledalo) |
огледало, зрцало (ogledalo, zrcalo) |
| бъракам b”rakam |
/bəˈrakam/ | chase, pursuit; to chase, to pursue |
погоня; преследовать (pogonja; presledovat’) |
гонитба, преследване; (gonitba, presledvane) гоня, преследвам (gonja, presledvam) |
гоњење; (gonjenje) гонити/гоњати (goniti, gonjati) |
| бърдук b”rduk |
/bərˈduk/ | jug, pitcher | кувшин (kuvšin) |
кана, стомна (kana, stomna) |
крчаг (krčag) |
Sample
TBD